MUHAMMAD SAW THE MESSENGER OF ISLAM (515 pages, 41/41)
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n of Egypt, the Muqawqis. It was covered all over with writing. The Holy Prophet said, “It was pierced and it was not passed down to any man, but became undone of itself.”
The Holy Prophet’s Blessed Description
Ali describes the Holy Prophet thus:
“He was of medium stature, had black eyes, a wheat colored skin color, pinkish complexion. His neck was white and his beard very curly, and pared to a rounded contour; his hair was black and beautiful and he wore it long, and from his throat to his chest there was a line of very fine hairs like a line drawn with a pen. Other than he had no hairs on his chest.
“His blessed head was neither very great nor very small, his hands and feet were well-proportioned, and his chest was flat and wide; in the middle of his chest there were three hairs halfway grown together like
a mole. He walked swiftly and energetically, as if he were descending downhill. His countenance was so beautiful that no one in his presence could bear to gaze at him. His nose was straight, his teeth were widely spaced and very white. He either wore his hair loose or braided, or hid it underneath his turban or let it hang out from.
“He was sixty-three years old, and yet only a few hairs in his beard had turned white. Allah Almighty never created anyone better or more generous or more courageous than he, peace and blessings be upon him forever, Amin.”
wa min Allah at-tawfiq.
And Allah knows best.
The following are the twelve months of the Islamic lunar calendar, in chronological sequence, including broadly observed holy days:
MUHARRAM
1st is Islamic New Year; 9th and 10th are days of fasting; 10th is Ashura.
SAFAR
RABI’ AL-AWWAL
12th Rabi’ al-Awwal is the Prophet’s birthday, known as mawlid; milad; mawlud; celebrated globally.
RABI’ ATH-THANI JUMADI AL-AWWAL JUMADI ATH-THANI RAJAB
According to Hadith, the month of Allah. Mi’raj an-Nabi. Superogatory fasting and prayers.
SHA’BAN
According to Hadith, the month of the Prophet. 15th is Nifsu Sha’ban; 7th is Laylat ul-Raghaib. Superogatory fasting and prayers.
RAMADAN
According to Hadith, the month of the people. The month of fasting.
SHAWWAL
1st is Eid al-Fitr, the celebration marking the end of Ramadan, which is observed either two or three days.
DHUL-QADAH DHUL-HIJJAH
The month of Hajj. Standing at Mount Arafat is on the 9th and Eid al-Adha, the celebration commemorating hajj, is celebrated on the 10th.
Glossary of Terms
Abu – father.
Abu Bakr – the closest companion of the Prophet and first man to embrace Islam; father of Aisha, wife of the Prophet; migrated from Mecca to Madinah with the Prophet; first appointed successor of the Prophet; known as the most generous of the Companions.
Abu Talib – uncle of the Prophet; father of `Ali.
Abdul-Muttalib – the Prophet’s paternal grandfather and an influential leader of the Quraysh tribe. Became the Prophet’s guardian when his mother died.
Adab – etiquette; manners; propriety. Islamic teachings emphasize the application of adab to all actions. It has been said, “To know adab is to know Islam.”
Ahl as-Sunnah, wal Jama`ah – People of the Sunnah, and Majority.
Ahl al-Bayt – People of the House, a term reserved for the Prophet’s family.
Ahl al-Kitab – People of the Book, a reference to followers of the Torah (Old Testament) and the Injeel (New Testament), the divine books revealed to Prophets Moses and Jesus, respectively.
Aisha – daughter of Abu Bakr; wife of the Prophet; a respected jurist, teacher and narrator of Prophetic Traditions; known for her exceptional memory, sagacity and acumen.
Akhira – the Afterlife.
al – the
al-Amin – the Trustworthy; a name attributed to the Prophet.
Alayhim as-salam – “And upon them be peace”, spoken upon mention of prophets and messengers; abbreviations include A.S., a.s. and (a).
Allah – The One True God, Who is independent of and Creator of all things, Who has no mother, son, or partner; The Supreme Deity and Universal God for all people, times and places, Who sent down a consistent message through His Prophets and Messengers, that humanity may be rightly guided.
Allahu Akbar – Allah is the Greatest.
Allahu Ahad – Allah is One.
`Ali, bin Abu Talib – first cousin of the Prophet and the first boy to embrace Islam; son of Abu Talib; husband of Fatimah, the Prophet’s daughter; father of Hasan and Husayn; the fourth successor of the Prophet.
`Alim – scholar of Islam.
Alhamdulillah – all Praise is due to Allah; similar to “Praise the Lord”; hallelujah; alleluia.
Amir – leader.
Ansar – Helpers, Supporters; an honored title given to the people of Madinah, who swore allegiance to the Prophet and received him generously upon his migration from Mecca; who helped establish the Muslim nation, and shared all their possessions with those Muslims who had migrated and left all behind.
Aqeeda – doctrine.
As salamu alaykum - The greeting of Muslims meaning, "Peace be with you"; literally supplicating for the Almighty's peace to descend; a global custom which outwardly indicates the peaceful nature of Islam.
Ayah – a verse of Quran; plural, ayaah.
Azan, Adhan – the prescribed call to prayer (in Arabic), pronounced five times daily. The one who calls adhan is known as “mu`azzin”.
Bid`a – innovation; an act not attributed to the Prophet. Innovation in religion must be examined for its merit and on the basis of cause and effect. For example, the Prophet did not say his prayers while traveling on a bus, or recite verses of Quran across phone lines, or use a microphone to broadcast the call to prayer, each of which are modern-day innovations that make Islam more accessible and/or easier to practice.
Bismillah – In the Name of Allah; a serious phrase of seeking God’s Help, commonly uttered by Muslims prefacing any given act.
Bismillah ar–Rahman ar–Rahim – In the Name of Allah, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful; a highly eminent phrase that precedes all chapters of the Quran; often prefaces correspondence, speeches, declarations.
Caliph – successor; “khalifah” generally refers to the supreme leader of the Muslim nation.
Din, deen – way, religion; Deen al-Islam, the Islamic Faith.
Du`a – supplication; most often comprised of verses of Quran or hadith; normally recited after the prescribed prayers although encouraged at any time, by raising hands and uttering the supplication either in Arabic or other languages.
Eid, `Id – festivity; the two annual Eids in Islam; Eid al–Fitr, the celebration marking the end of Ramadan; Eid al–Adha, the celebration commemorating hajj, the pilgrimage to Mecca.
Fatwa – legal ruling by a qualified jurist; plural, fatawa.
Fatiha – the opening; first chapter of the Quran.
Fatimah, az–Zahra – daughter of the Prophet; wife of `Ali; mother of Hasan and Husayn; acknowledged as one of the Perfect Women in Islam.
Fiqh – Islamic jurisprudence; faqih, a jurist; plural, fuqaha’.
Fir’aun – Pharoah; specifically, who challenged Prophet Moses and was drowned in the miraculous parting of the Red Sea.
Fisabil-illah – For the Sake of Allah (for God’s Sake); connoting an act dedicated to the Almighty.
Four Imams, Four Caliphs – the four immediate successors of the Prophet to whom allegiance was obligatory throughout the Muslim world; namely, Abu Bakr as-Siddiq, `Omar ibn al-Khattab, `Uthman bin Affan, and `Ali ibn Abi Talib.
al–Furqan – the criterion; the Quran.
Ghusl – prescribed bath, requisite for prayer without which ablution is void; Must be performed after sexual relations, upon cessation of menstruation, forty days after childbirth, and before burial. Held as sunnah before many forms of worship, such as Friday congregational prayer, the Eid prayers, and performance of hajj.
Hadhrat, Hazrat – title of respect applied to Prophet Muhammad as well as to other prophets and messengers, his family and companions, and great figures mentioned in Quran and Hadith; however the term is also used to address high persons who are present.
Hadith – authorized, recorded Prophetic Traditions on a host of topics, narrated by companions of the Prophet and transmitted down through time; plural, ahadith.
al-Hafiz – The Protector, an attribute of Allah; a hafiz of Quran has been tested by a board of scholars and certified as one who has memorized all of the Quran and can recite any verse or portion of it at random. Also a common Urdu salutation, “Khuda Hafiz” meaning “May God protect you.”
Hajj – one of the five pillars of Islam; the pilgrimage at Mecca is incumbent on every Muslim in the world who has the financial means and the health to sustain the annual ritual at least once in their lifetime; male, hajji; female, hajjah; plural,
hujjaj, hajeej.
Halal – lawful; permissible.
Haraam – unlawful; forbidden; prohibited.
Haram ash-Sharif – a term applied to three of the Muslim world’s holiest sites,
i.e. the Holy Ka`ba in Mecca; the Prophet’s Mosque in Madinah; the al-Aqsa Mosque in Jerusalem.
Hasan – grandson of the Prophet; son of `Ali and Fatimah, who became a great leader and imam.
Husayn – grandson of the Prophet; son of `Ali and Fatimah, who also became a great leader and imam; martyred at Karbala in Iraq.
Hijra – migration; refers to the Islamic calendar which commences with the date when the Prophet migrated from Mecca to Madinah; (adj.) hijiri.
`Ibadat – worship.
Iftar – food or meal with which the fast is broken at sunset.
Ihsan – the state of divine proximity mentioned in the hadith, “To worship Allah as if you see Him…”
Ijma’ – consensus of Muslim scholars.
Imam – one who leads the congregational prayer; also, an elite scholar; one responsible for the mosque, its leader.
Imam ash–Shafi`i – an eminent scholar and founder of one of the great schools of Islamic jurisprudence.
InshaAllah –If Allah Wills, spoken at the time of making a commitment, with recognition that nothing is granted without Allah’s permission.
Iqamah – a lesser version of the adhan, recited just before the prayer commences.
Islam – the way of submission to the Divine Will.
Jannah – Heaven; Paradise.
Jahannam – Hell; hellfire.
Jihad – struggle; in a narrow sense, understood to mean “war” or military exercise or engagement. “Jihad al–Akbar, “the great struggle” refers to the highest level of self-discipline that brings one closest to the Almighty as a result of overcoming one’s ego.
Jinn – beings which Allah created from fire, just as He created angels from divine light and mankind from clay. The Jinn community is comprised of believers as well as unbelievers.
Juma’ – Friday; day of the Islamic weekly congregational prayer.
Kaba – also “Bayt Allah”, Allah’s House; originally built in Mecca by Prophet Abraham and his son as a tribute to The One God; the direction Muslims face when offering prayer; the site of the annual Muslim pilgrimage, hajj.
Kalimat ash-Shahadah – the Muslim Creed of Faith, namely, Ash-hadu anla ilaha illallah, wa ash-hadu anna Muhammadan Abduhu wa Rasuluh “I bear Witness that there is no God but Allah, and I bear Witness that Muhammad is the Servant and Messenger of Allah.”
Khadijah, al–Kubra – first wife of the Prophet and mother of his children; respected member of the Quraysh tribe; the first woman to embrace Islam; commonly acknowledged as one of the perfect women in Islam.
Khatam, al-Mursaleen – final; finish; end; finality of messengerhood.
Khutba – the sermon which accompanies congregational prayer such as the Friday prayer or on holy days such as Eid.
Kiswah – the beautifully-decorated covering of the Kaba, usually made of rare velvet exquisitely embroidered in pure gold and silver thread.
Kufr – state of unbelief; kafir, one who does not believe in Allah.
La ilaha illallah – there is no God but Allah.
Laylat al-Qadr – Literally, "Night of Power"; a blessed occasion which occurs once a year on an odd night within the last ten days of Ramadan. On this occasion Muslims offer extra prayers, charity, and seek the Almighty's infinite blessings and forgiveness of past sins; it is said whoever attains the blessings of this holy night should attain high spiritual power.
Laylat al-Raghaib – The 7th of Rajab (on the 6th night) and a holy day for Muslims which commemorates a highly blessed occasion, reported as the night in which the blessed essence of Prophet Muhammad (s) was transferred from his father to his mother; she afterwards experienced many miracles.
Madinah – the city to where the Prophet migrated from Mecca and established the Muslim nation; burial place of the Prophet; second holiest place in the Muslim world.
Madhhab – a legal method or school of Islamic law; generally refers to Hanafi, Shafi’i, Maliki, Hanbali and Jafari schools.
Maghrib – sunset; west; evening prayer of the five daily prayers, offered when the sun sets; “al-Maghrib”, common Arab reference to Morocco.
Muhajir, muhajireen – one who migrated away from a place or ruler that was religiously oppressive; a group who migrated. Those who migrated from Mecca
to Madinah.
Makkah, Mecca – location of the Kaba; birthplace of the Prophet; see Qiblah. Masjid al-Aqsa – the Haram Sharif (holy sanctuary) in Jerusalem, from where the Prophet experienced the glorious Mi’raj (Divine Ascension to Heaven).
This is the third holiest site in Islam, after Mecca and Madinah.
MashaAllah – This is what Allah has chosen, determined or willed; attributes the source of all good to Allah.
Mawlid, an-Nabi – the birthday of the Holy Prophet Muhammad , namely the 12th Rabi’ al-Awwal. Mawlid is observed with special prayers, fasting and celebrations and Salawat all over the world.
Mi’raj, an-Nabi – ascension; the heavenly ascension at divine invitation whereby the Prophet physically rode the heavenly transport Buraq from Mecca to Jerusalem, then ascended from this world through all the levels of Heaven. The occasion is broadly celebrated as a holy day throughout the world.
Muhammad bin `Abdallah – the Prophet; Muhammad son of Abdallah.
Muhammad ar-Rasulullah – Muhammad is the Messenger of God.
Mu’min – believer.
Mushrik – see Shirk.
Muslim – one who submits to Allah’s Will; a follower of Islam; feminine, muslimah.
Nabi, nabi Allah – prophet; prophet of Allah; plural, anbiyya. Islam teaches that 124,000 prophets were sent to every nation and people as reinforcers of the Divine Message, that Allah is One and Muhammad is His Messenger. Some prophets were also messengers, such as Adam, Noah, Abraham, Moses, Jesus and Muhammad .
Nafs; an-nafs al-ammara – the lower self from which base desires emanate. Nifsu Shaban – Also referred to as "Laylat al-Bara`ah" (The night of freedom from Fire); occurring between 14th and 15th day of Sha`ban. Traditions of
Prophet Muhammad (s) prove it is a meritorious night in which people of the
earth are attended by special divine mercy.
Qibla – direction in which Muslims face to say their prayers, i.e. Mecca. Qiblatain – “two qiblahs”; refers to Jerusalem, which was the first qiblah to which Muslims prayed, and Mecca, the city to which the qiblah was changed
during the Prophet’s lifetime.
Qira’at – recitation of Quran.
Qudsi Hadith – divine communication direct from Allah to the Prophet, which
was other than a revealed verse of Quran.
Quran – Word of Allah Almighty; the divine book of Muslims revealed to the Prophet over twenty-three years, brought down by the Angel Gabriel; the core of Islamic law and comprehensive guidance which governs all aspects of life for Muslims.
Quraysh – an influential, pagan Arab tribe that held the reins of power at the advent of Islam; boycotted the Prophet and militarily opposed the Muslims.
Rabi’ al-Awwal – the third month of the Islamic Lunar calendar.
Rabb, Rabbi – Lord; my Lord.
Rabbil Alameen – Lord of all the Worlds; a phrase included in al–Fatiha, the Lord’s Prayer of Muslims and opening chapter of the Quran.
Radhi Allahu anhu – Allah be well pleased with him; anhu connotes “him”; anha connotes “her”; anhum connotes “them”.
Rak`at – one complete cycle of the prescribed Muslim prayer, which is comprised of either two, three or four cycles.
Ramadan – the month of fasting; the ninth month of the Muslim calendar; the month the first revelation of Quran was brought down; in which the Night of power occurs; one full reading of Quran during Ramadan is highly praised.
ar-Rasheed – the Rightly Guided; a name attributed to the Prophet.
Rasul, Rasul Allah – messenger, Messenger of Allah; refers to Prophet Muhammad. Allah sent many messengers to deliver His Message to people of all regions and eras, such as Abraham, David, Moses, and Muhammad .
Ruh – the soul; the spiritual self which separates from the physical self at the time death.
Sadaqa – charity; an act that has the power to deter evil and invoke spiritual well-being, benefit, and protection from harm.
as-Siddiq – the Truthful, a name associated with many prophets as well as Muhammad ; also a name of his dear companion, Abu Bakr.
Sahabah – Companions of the Prophet; those who saw or met the Prophet during his lifetime, or who were physically in his presence. The Sahabah narrated the greatest volume of Prophetic Traditions known as Hadith.
Sahur – pre-dawn food or meal specifically taken before the fast commences. Sajdah – prostration, a prescribed component of prayer reserved exclusively for worship of Allah; also, sujud.
Salaf –reference to the Sahabah (Prophet’s Companions), and the next few subsequent generations of Muslims.
Sallallahu alayhi was salam – May the Peace and Mercy of Allah be upon him; an expression applied exclusively to Prophet Muhammad. Abbreviated versions include p.b.u.h., s.a.w., s.a.w.s, and s.
Salat – prayer; also known as namaz (Urdu). The five compulsory daily prayers are known as Fajr (morning), Zuhur (midday), `Asr (afternoon), Maghrib (evening), and `Isha (night).
Salawat – any form of praising Prophet Muhammad , but most typically in beautiful verses or chanting.
Sawm – fasting.
Sayyidina – title of great respect applied to Prophet Muhammad as well as to other prophets and messengers, his family and companions, and great figures mentioned in Quran and Hadith; also Syedna, Syedina (masc.); Sayyidatuna, Syeda, Sayyida (fem.). When addressing one who is present with effective language connoting respect, the term Sayyid (masc.) and Sayyida (fem.) are also used.
Shaytan – Satan.
Shi`a – supporters of Ahlul Bayt; followers of the Ja`fari madhhab.
Shirk – associating partners with Allah; said to be the only sin Allah will not forgive; mushrik, one who associates partners with Allah.
Slavery – Islam introduced strict guidelines regarding the just and kind treatment of slaves, respecting their right of religious freedom, made their owners entirely responsible for their welfare, and elaborated on the merits of setting them free as a charitable, pious act, and their freedom was irreversible.
Subhanahu wa ta`ala – Glorified and Exalted, in exclusive reference to Allah.
Sunnah – example of the Prophet, illuminated by his words and deeds.
Sura, surat – a chapter of Quran; Surat al-Fatiha, meaning “Chapter the Fatiha”. Tabi`een – the third generation of the early Muslims, who lived after the passing of Prophet Muhammad.
Talbiya – the supplication uttered by pilgrims to Mecca, specifically: Labbayk Allahumma, labbayk… (Here I am Lord, at Your service).
Taqlid – to follow qualified, scholarly opinions.
Tasawwuf – the Islamic science that promotes human spirituality and helps one reach the state known as “ihsan”.
Tasbih, tasabih, masbaha – rosary; prayer beads used to enumerate both prescribed and superogatory supplications.
Tazkiyyah, an-nafs – purification; the state of purifying and disciplining of the
lower self, ego.
Umar ibn al-Khattab – close companion of the Prophet; father of Hafsa, the Prophet’s wife; second Caliph who advanced Islam beyond the Arabian Peninsula and defeated both the Roman and Persian Empires – two oppressive superpowers; liberated Jerusalem from Roman control; it is said Satan feared him.
`Ulama – plural of `alim; scholars.
Umm – mother; ummi, my mother; ummul, mother of.
Ummat al-Mumineen – Mothers of the Faithful, a title reserved exclusively for the wives of the Prophet.
Umrah – the lesser hajj; includes all the rituals of hajj with the exception of the visit to `Arafat; pilgrimage performed at times other than days allocated for hajj; two umrahs are considered equal to one hajj.
Ummah – literally, “nation”; understood to mean the global body of Muslims.
Usool – principles; sciences; usool al-fiqh, principles of jurisprudence.
Uthman – Companion of the Prophet and his third successor; original compiler of the Quran in book form; distinguished as “Thu-noorayn”, one with to sources of light, for marrying two of the Prophet’s daughters.
Wahi – divine revelation intended for chosen prophets and messengers, which was completed with the revelation to Prophet Muhammad and will not occur again.
Wudu – prescribed ablution; a requisite of prayer, and for reading the Quran. Zakat – a pillar of the Islamic faith that binds adult Muslims to pay 2.5 percent of their annual wealth into a welfare fund that assists the needy.
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{1} A loan here means the alms expended for Allah’s sake on the destitute and impoverished and needy, and all the goods given away in the way of Allah - fi sabil-illah.
{2} Illiyun: the uppermost Heaven, a word derived from the Arabic, meaning high, raised.
{3} Friday is called jum’a, which is derived from a word denoting gathering, uniting in communal activity.
{4} Muadhdhin, more commonly rendered as muezzin, the caller of the Adhan, who calls to prayer five times a day.
{5} Khatib, the preacher of a khutba, sermon.
{6} Imam is he who leads the congregation in prayer.
{7} The excellence of this is expressed in the following Hadith: “If someone is in love and he hides his passion and keeps it to himself, and he dies in this condition, he will have died a martyr.”
Table of Contents
Title page
Table of Contents Preface Foreword
About the Author Acknowledgements Notes
Creation of the Light of Muhammad The Twelve Veils
Creation of the Beloved From the Light of Muhammad
Who Gazed at the Soul of Muhammad
Descriptions of the Prophets of God (from Anwar-al-‘Ashiqin by Ahmet Bijan)
Adam Noah David Solomon Zachariah Moses Jesus Adam Seth
Idris Noah Hud Salih Abraham Ishmail Isaac Jacob Joseph Job Shu’ayb Moses
Aaron Ilyas David Solomon Ezra Jonah Zacharia John Jesus
Muhammad
Created Through the Light of Muhammad Descent of Nur-i-Muhammad
Narration of Ka’b al-Akhbar
The Year of the Elephant (adapted from Abu Ishaq) Diverting the Pilgrimage to Yemen
The Wisdom of Abdul-Muttalib Divine Support Saves Mecca
The Blessed Birth
More Events Surrounding the Noble Birth of the Prophet Halima as-Sa’adia, the Prophet’s Nurse
Early Historical Events that Shaped the Islamic Community
Muhammad’s Marriage to Khadija al-Kubra (from Kara Da’ud) Revelation of Prophethood
How `Umar bin Khattab Came to Islam Some Miracles of the Holy Prophet The Prophet and the Deer
The Splitting Apart of the Moon Migration to Abyssinia
Hamza Enters the Fold of Islam
The Quraysh Send Envoys to the King of Abyssinia The Deaths of Abu Talib and Khadija
The Holy Prophet’s Visit to Ta’if
The Holy Ascension of Prophet Muhammad (from the Dalail-al-Khayrat Sharhi of Kara Da’ud, d. 1541)
Buraq is Dispatched to His Noble Mount Prophet Narrates His Mi’raj
Bayt-al-Maqdis Meeting the Prophets
The Prophet’s Visit to Heavens
Meeting Isma`il The Second Heaven
`Isa and Yahya (a)
The Angel of Provision The Third Heaven Tasbih of Yusuf Tasbih of the Tyrants
The Guardian Angel of Hell Beholding the Inhabitants of Jahannam Allah Grants the Prophet Intercession Other Guardians of Hell
The Fourth Heaven
The Tasbih of these three groups of angels was this: This was the Tasbih of Idris:
The Tasbih of the Prophet Nuh was this: Mansions of Maryam, Buhayyid and Asiya The Fifth Heaven
Prophets Isma’il, Ishaq, Ya’qub, Lut and Harun The Sixth Heaven
The Seventh Heaven
The Bayt-al-Ma’mur (The Heavenly House) The Sidratul Muntaha
The Four Streams of Paradise Ramadan, the Blessed
The Angel Jibra’il’s Appearance Adhan
Rafraf Kursi ‘Arsh
The Vision of the Divine Beauty The Tahiyyat Prayer
Allah Complains About the Ummah
Paradise
About the Paradise Gardens The Tuba Tree
The Waters of Kawthar The Duration of the Mi’raj
The Prophet’s Return From Mi’raj
The Early Muslims in Madinah
The Second Tryst at ‘Aqaba The Hijra
The Snake Bites Abu Bakr The First Hijri Mosque at Quba The Song of Welcome
A King of Yemen is Granted Shahada Events of the First Year of the Hijra
The Beginning of the Islamic Calendar The Command to Fight the Idolators The Expedition of ‘Ubayda bin al-Harith The Raid of Kharrar
The Raid of Abwa The Raid on Buwat
The Raid on al-‘Ushayra
The Raid on Safawan, the First Expedition to Badr
The Expedition of Abdullah bin Jahsh (The Raid on Nakhla) The Changing of the Qibla
The Fasting of Ramadan The Great Battle of Badr ‘Abbas Enters Islam
The Story of Wahab bin ‘Umayr
The Raid on the Bani Sulaym in al-Kudr The Raid of Sawiq
The Raid of Dhu Amarr The Raid of Bahran The Bani Qaynuqa
The Raid on al-Qarada
The Marriage of Fatima to Ali Other Marriages
The Battle of Uhud
The Martyrdom of Hamza Umm Ummara Joins the Battle The Prophet is Wounded Allah Offers Martyrdom Umm Ayman is Injured
The Death of Ubayy bin Khalaf The Funeral Prayer in Islam More Examples of Pious Women The Military Defeat at Uhud
Events that Shaped the Growing Muslim Community Events of Bir Ma’una
The Day of Raji’
The Expulsion of the Bani Nadir Why the Bani Nadir Were Expelled The Story of Zaynab bint Jahsh The Battle of the Trench
The Treachery of the Bani Qurayza
The Reconciliation at al-Hudaybiyah: How the Swords were Returned to their Sheaths and Minds were Conquered Instead
The Pledge of Allegiance, Baiyat-i-Ridwan Messages to Various Rulers
The Byzantine Emperor Heraclius The Khosroes of Iran, King Parviz The Negus of Abyssinia
The Muqawqis of Egypt The Chief of Yamama
The Chief of the Syrian Arabs
Challenges and Achievements of the New Muslim Nation Preparing for the Conquest of Khaybar Diplomatic Solutions Failed
Approaching the Battle
Ali Leads the Fight by High Example The Lion Kills His Prey
The Results of War
The Story of Safiya bint Huyay bin Akhtab
How the Holy Prophet Dealt With His Enemies The Prophet’s ‘Umra
The Battle of Mu’ta
The Story of ‘Amr ibn al-‘As The Battle of Murays Slander of Aisha
The Conquest of Mecca
The Prophet Forgave the Crimes of Jahiliyya The Incident of the Bani Jadhima
The Battle of Hunayn The Division of the Spoils
The Ninth Year of the Hijra
Repudiation and Choice
Developing Diplomatic Ties and Accommodating Leaders of the Previous Era
Various Envoys Visit the Prophet Qasida-i-Burda: The Ode of the Mantle The Battle of Tabuk
Masjid al-Dirar
The Pilgrimage of Islam Events of the Tenth Year of the Hijra
Many Thousands Enter Islam The Farewell Pilgrimage False Prophets Appear
An Unprecedented Legacy
The Holy Prophet’s Passing and Other Details of His life The Deep Love of the Sahaba
Advice of the Prophet
The Friend on High, the Exalted Companion of Paradise Choosing a Successor
The Battles of the Holy Prophet The Prophet’s Scribes
The Prophet’s Military Weaponry The Holy Prophet’s Blessed Description
Glossary of Terms
Islamic Supreme Council of America
The Honor of Women in Islam Scholars in Islam Series By Professor Yusuf da Costa ISBN 1-930409-06-0 Suggested Retail Price: $10.99 In the Mystic Footsteps of Saints Sufi Wisdom Series By Shaykh Muhammad Nazim Adil al-Haqqani Volume 1 - ISBN 1-930409-05-2 Volume 2 - ISBN 1-930409-09-5 Suggested Retail Price: $10.99
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n of Egypt, the Muqawqis. It was covered all over with writing. The Holy Prophet said, “It was pierced and it was not passed down to any man, but became undone of itself.”
The Holy Prophet’s Blessed Description
Ali describes the Holy Prophet thus:
“He was of medium stature, had black eyes, a wheat colored skin color, pinkish complexion. His neck was white and his beard very curly, and pared to a rounded contour; his hair was black and beautiful and he wore it long, and from his throat to his chest there was a line of very fine hairs like a line drawn with a pen. Other than he had no hairs on his chest.
“His blessed head was neither very great nor very small, his hands and feet were well-proportioned, and his chest was flat and wide; in the middle of his chest there were three hairs halfway grown together like
a mole. He walked swiftly and energetically, as if he were descending downhill. His countenance was so beautiful that no one in his presence could bear to gaze at him. His nose was straight, his teeth were widely spaced and very white. He either wore his hair loose or braided, or hid it underneath his turban or let it hang out from.
“He was sixty-three years old, and yet only a few hairs in his beard had turned white. Allah Almighty never created anyone better or more generous or more courageous than he, peace and blessings be upon him forever, Amin.”
wa min Allah at-tawfiq.
And Allah knows best.
The following are the twelve months of the Islamic lunar calendar, in chronological sequence, including broadly observed holy days:
MUHARRAM
1st is Islamic New Year; 9th and 10th are days of fasting; 10th is Ashura.
SAFAR
RABI’ AL-AWWAL
12th Rabi’ al-Awwal is the Prophet’s birthday, known as mawlid; milad; mawlud; celebrated globally.
RABI’ ATH-THANI JUMADI AL-AWWAL JUMADI ATH-THANI RAJAB
According to Hadith, the month of Allah. Mi’raj an-Nabi. Superogatory fasting and prayers.
SHA’BAN
According to Hadith, the month of the Prophet. 15th is Nifsu Sha’ban; 7th is Laylat ul-Raghaib. Superogatory fasting and prayers.
RAMADAN
According to Hadith, the month of the people. The month of fasting.
SHAWWAL
1st is Eid al-Fitr, the celebration marking the end of Ramadan, which is observed either two or three days.
DHUL-QADAH DHUL-HIJJAH
The month of Hajj. Standing at Mount Arafat is on the 9th and Eid al-Adha, the celebration commemorating hajj, is celebrated on the 10th.
Glossary of Terms
Abu – father.
Abu Bakr – the closest companion of the Prophet and first man to embrace Islam; father of Aisha, wife of the Prophet; migrated from Mecca to Madinah with the Prophet; first appointed successor of the Prophet; known as the most generous of the Companions.
Abu Talib – uncle of the Prophet; father of `Ali.
Abdul-Muttalib – the Prophet’s paternal grandfather and an influential leader of the Quraysh tribe. Became the Prophet’s guardian when his mother died.
Adab – etiquette; manners; propriety. Islamic teachings emphasize the application of adab to all actions. It has been said, “To know adab is to know Islam.”
Ahl as-Sunnah, wal Jama`ah – People of the Sunnah, and Majority.
Ahl al-Bayt – People of the House, a term reserved for the Prophet’s family.
Ahl al-Kitab – People of the Book, a reference to followers of the Torah (Old Testament) and the Injeel (New Testament), the divine books revealed to Prophets Moses and Jesus, respectively.
Aisha – daughter of Abu Bakr; wife of the Prophet; a respected jurist, teacher and narrator of Prophetic Traditions; known for her exceptional memory, sagacity and acumen.
Akhira – the Afterlife.
al – the
al-Amin – the Trustworthy; a name attributed to the Prophet.
Alayhim as-salam – “And upon them be peace”, spoken upon mention of prophets and messengers; abbreviations include A.S., a.s. and (a).
Allah – The One True God, Who is independent of and Creator of all things, Who has no mother, son, or partner; The Supreme Deity and Universal God for all people, times and places, Who sent down a consistent message through His Prophets and Messengers, that humanity may be rightly guided.
Allahu Akbar – Allah is the Greatest.
Allahu Ahad – Allah is One.
`Ali, bin Abu Talib – first cousin of the Prophet and the first boy to embrace Islam; son of Abu Talib; husband of Fatimah, the Prophet’s daughter; father of Hasan and Husayn; the fourth successor of the Prophet.
`Alim – scholar of Islam.
Alhamdulillah – all Praise is due to Allah; similar to “Praise the Lord”; hallelujah; alleluia.
Amir – leader.
Ansar – Helpers, Supporters; an honored title given to the people of Madinah, who swore allegiance to the Prophet and received him generously upon his migration from Mecca; who helped establish the Muslim nation, and shared all their possessions with those Muslims who had migrated and left all behind.
Aqeeda – doctrine.
As salamu alaykum - The greeting of Muslims meaning, "Peace be with you"; literally supplicating for the Almighty's peace to descend; a global custom which outwardly indicates the peaceful nature of Islam.
Ayah – a verse of Quran; plural, ayaah.
Azan, Adhan – the prescribed call to prayer (in Arabic), pronounced five times daily. The one who calls adhan is known as “mu`azzin”.
Bid`a – innovation; an act not attributed to the Prophet. Innovation in religion must be examined for its merit and on the basis of cause and effect. For example, the Prophet did not say his prayers while traveling on a bus, or recite verses of Quran across phone lines, or use a microphone to broadcast the call to prayer, each of which are modern-day innovations that make Islam more accessible and/or easier to practice.
Bismillah – In the Name of Allah; a serious phrase of seeking God’s Help, commonly uttered by Muslims prefacing any given act.
Bismillah ar–Rahman ar–Rahim – In the Name of Allah, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful; a highly eminent phrase that precedes all chapters of the Quran; often prefaces correspondence, speeches, declarations.
Caliph – successor; “khalifah” generally refers to the supreme leader of the Muslim nation.
Din, deen – way, religion; Deen al-Islam, the Islamic Faith.
Du`a – supplication; most often comprised of verses of Quran or hadith; normally recited after the prescribed prayers although encouraged at any time, by raising hands and uttering the supplication either in Arabic or other languages.
Eid, `Id – festivity; the two annual Eids in Islam; Eid al–Fitr, the celebration marking the end of Ramadan; Eid al–Adha, the celebration commemorating hajj, the pilgrimage to Mecca.
Fatwa – legal ruling by a qualified jurist; plural, fatawa.
Fatiha – the opening; first chapter of the Quran.
Fatimah, az–Zahra – daughter of the Prophet; wife of `Ali; mother of Hasan and Husayn; acknowledged as one of the Perfect Women in Islam.
Fiqh – Islamic jurisprudence; faqih, a jurist; plural, fuqaha’.
Fir’aun – Pharoah; specifically, who challenged Prophet Moses and was drowned in the miraculous parting of the Red Sea.
Fisabil-illah – For the Sake of Allah (for God’s Sake); connoting an act dedicated to the Almighty.
Four Imams, Four Caliphs – the four immediate successors of the Prophet to whom allegiance was obligatory throughout the Muslim world; namely, Abu Bakr as-Siddiq, `Omar ibn al-Khattab, `Uthman bin Affan, and `Ali ibn Abi Talib.
al–Furqan – the criterion; the Quran.
Ghusl – prescribed bath, requisite for prayer without which ablution is void; Must be performed after sexual relations, upon cessation of menstruation, forty days after childbirth, and before burial. Held as sunnah before many forms of worship, such as Friday congregational prayer, the Eid prayers, and performance of hajj.
Hadhrat, Hazrat – title of respect applied to Prophet Muhammad as well as to other prophets and messengers, his family and companions, and great figures mentioned in Quran and Hadith; however the term is also used to address high persons who are present.
Hadith – authorized, recorded Prophetic Traditions on a host of topics, narrated by companions of the Prophet and transmitted down through time; plural, ahadith.
al-Hafiz – The Protector, an attribute of Allah; a hafiz of Quran has been tested by a board of scholars and certified as one who has memorized all of the Quran and can recite any verse or portion of it at random. Also a common Urdu salutation, “Khuda Hafiz” meaning “May God protect you.”
Hajj – one of the five pillars of Islam; the pilgrimage at Mecca is incumbent on every Muslim in the world who has the financial means and the health to sustain the annual ritual at least once in their lifetime; male, hajji; female, hajjah; plural,
hujjaj, hajeej.
Halal – lawful; permissible.
Haraam – unlawful; forbidden; prohibited.
Haram ash-Sharif – a term applied to three of the Muslim world’s holiest sites,
i.e. the Holy Ka`ba in Mecca; the Prophet’s Mosque in Madinah; the al-Aqsa Mosque in Jerusalem.
Hasan – grandson of the Prophet; son of `Ali and Fatimah, who became a great leader and imam.
Husayn – grandson of the Prophet; son of `Ali and Fatimah, who also became a great leader and imam; martyred at Karbala in Iraq.
Hijra – migration; refers to the Islamic calendar which commences with the date when the Prophet migrated from Mecca to Madinah; (adj.) hijiri.
`Ibadat – worship.
Iftar – food or meal with which the fast is broken at sunset.
Ihsan – the state of divine proximity mentioned in the hadith, “To worship Allah as if you see Him…”
Ijma’ – consensus of Muslim scholars.
Imam – one who leads the congregational prayer; also, an elite scholar; one responsible for the mosque, its leader.
Imam ash–Shafi`i – an eminent scholar and founder of one of the great schools of Islamic jurisprudence.
InshaAllah –If Allah Wills, spoken at the time of making a commitment, with recognition that nothing is granted without Allah’s permission.
Iqamah – a lesser version of the adhan, recited just before the prayer commences.
Islam – the way of submission to the Divine Will.
Jannah – Heaven; Paradise.
Jahannam – Hell; hellfire.
Jihad – struggle; in a narrow sense, understood to mean “war” or military exercise or engagement. “Jihad al–Akbar, “the great struggle” refers to the highest level of self-discipline that brings one closest to the Almighty as a result of overcoming one’s ego.
Jinn – beings which Allah created from fire, just as He created angels from divine light and mankind from clay. The Jinn community is comprised of believers as well as unbelievers.
Juma’ – Friday; day of the Islamic weekly congregational prayer.
Kaba – also “Bayt Allah”, Allah’s House; originally built in Mecca by Prophet Abraham and his son as a tribute to The One God; the direction Muslims face when offering prayer; the site of the annual Muslim pilgrimage, hajj.
Kalimat ash-Shahadah – the Muslim Creed of Faith, namely, Ash-hadu anla ilaha illallah, wa ash-hadu anna Muhammadan Abduhu wa Rasuluh “I bear Witness that there is no God but Allah, and I bear Witness that Muhammad is the Servant and Messenger of Allah.”
Khadijah, al–Kubra – first wife of the Prophet and mother of his children; respected member of the Quraysh tribe; the first woman to embrace Islam; commonly acknowledged as one of the perfect women in Islam.
Khatam, al-Mursaleen – final; finish; end; finality of messengerhood.
Khutba – the sermon which accompanies congregational prayer such as the Friday prayer or on holy days such as Eid.
Kiswah – the beautifully-decorated covering of the Kaba, usually made of rare velvet exquisitely embroidered in pure gold and silver thread.
Kufr – state of unbelief; kafir, one who does not believe in Allah.
La ilaha illallah – there is no God but Allah.
Laylat al-Qadr – Literally, "Night of Power"; a blessed occasion which occurs once a year on an odd night within the last ten days of Ramadan. On this occasion Muslims offer extra prayers, charity, and seek the Almighty's infinite blessings and forgiveness of past sins; it is said whoever attains the blessings of this holy night should attain high spiritual power.
Laylat al-Raghaib – The 7th of Rajab (on the 6th night) and a holy day for Muslims which commemorates a highly blessed occasion, reported as the night in which the blessed essence of Prophet Muhammad (s) was transferred from his father to his mother; she afterwards experienced many miracles.
Madinah – the city to where the Prophet migrated from Mecca and established the Muslim nation; burial place of the Prophet; second holiest place in the Muslim world.
Madhhab – a legal method or school of Islamic law; generally refers to Hanafi, Shafi’i, Maliki, Hanbali and Jafari schools.
Maghrib – sunset; west; evening prayer of the five daily prayers, offered when the sun sets; “al-Maghrib”, common Arab reference to Morocco.
Muhajir, muhajireen – one who migrated away from a place or ruler that was religiously oppressive; a group who migrated. Those who migrated from Mecca
to Madinah.
Makkah, Mecca – location of the Kaba; birthplace of the Prophet; see Qiblah. Masjid al-Aqsa – the Haram Sharif (holy sanctuary) in Jerusalem, from where the Prophet experienced the glorious Mi’raj (Divine Ascension to Heaven).
This is the third holiest site in Islam, after Mecca and Madinah.
MashaAllah – This is what Allah has chosen, determined or willed; attributes the source of all good to Allah.
Mawlid, an-Nabi – the birthday of the Holy Prophet Muhammad , namely the 12th Rabi’ al-Awwal. Mawlid is observed with special prayers, fasting and celebrations and Salawat all over the world.
Mi’raj, an-Nabi – ascension; the heavenly ascension at divine invitation whereby the Prophet physically rode the heavenly transport Buraq from Mecca to Jerusalem, then ascended from this world through all the levels of Heaven. The occasion is broadly celebrated as a holy day throughout the world.
Muhammad bin `Abdallah – the Prophet; Muhammad son of Abdallah.
Muhammad ar-Rasulullah – Muhammad is the Messenger of God.
Mu’min – believer.
Mushrik – see Shirk.
Muslim – one who submits to Allah’s Will; a follower of Islam; feminine, muslimah.
Nabi, nabi Allah – prophet; prophet of Allah; plural, anbiyya. Islam teaches that 124,000 prophets were sent to every nation and people as reinforcers of the Divine Message, that Allah is One and Muhammad is His Messenger. Some prophets were also messengers, such as Adam, Noah, Abraham, Moses, Jesus and Muhammad .
Nafs; an-nafs al-ammara – the lower self from which base desires emanate. Nifsu Shaban – Also referred to as "Laylat al-Bara`ah" (The night of freedom from Fire); occurring between 14th and 15th day of Sha`ban. Traditions of
Prophet Muhammad (s) prove it is a meritorious night in which people of the
earth are attended by special divine mercy.
Qibla – direction in which Muslims face to say their prayers, i.e. Mecca. Qiblatain – “two qiblahs”; refers to Jerusalem, which was the first qiblah to which Muslims prayed, and Mecca, the city to which the qiblah was changed
during the Prophet’s lifetime.
Qira’at – recitation of Quran.
Qudsi Hadith – divine communication direct from Allah to the Prophet, which
was other than a revealed verse of Quran.
Quran – Word of Allah Almighty; the divine book of Muslims revealed to the Prophet over twenty-three years, brought down by the Angel Gabriel; the core of Islamic law and comprehensive guidance which governs all aspects of life for Muslims.
Quraysh – an influential, pagan Arab tribe that held the reins of power at the advent of Islam; boycotted the Prophet and militarily opposed the Muslims.
Rabi’ al-Awwal – the third month of the Islamic Lunar calendar.
Rabb, Rabbi – Lord; my Lord.
Rabbil Alameen – Lord of all the Worlds; a phrase included in al–Fatiha, the Lord’s Prayer of Muslims and opening chapter of the Quran.
Radhi Allahu anhu – Allah be well pleased with him; anhu connotes “him”; anha connotes “her”; anhum connotes “them”.
Rak`at – one complete cycle of the prescribed Muslim prayer, which is comprised of either two, three or four cycles.
Ramadan – the month of fasting; the ninth month of the Muslim calendar; the month the first revelation of Quran was brought down; in which the Night of power occurs; one full reading of Quran during Ramadan is highly praised.
ar-Rasheed – the Rightly Guided; a name attributed to the Prophet.
Rasul, Rasul Allah – messenger, Messenger of Allah; refers to Prophet Muhammad. Allah sent many messengers to deliver His Message to people of all regions and eras, such as Abraham, David, Moses, and Muhammad .
Ruh – the soul; the spiritual self which separates from the physical self at the time death.
Sadaqa – charity; an act that has the power to deter evil and invoke spiritual well-being, benefit, and protection from harm.
as-Siddiq – the Truthful, a name associated with many prophets as well as Muhammad ; also a name of his dear companion, Abu Bakr.
Sahabah – Companions of the Prophet; those who saw or met the Prophet during his lifetime, or who were physically in his presence. The Sahabah narrated the greatest volume of Prophetic Traditions known as Hadith.
Sahur – pre-dawn food or meal specifically taken before the fast commences. Sajdah – prostration, a prescribed component of prayer reserved exclusively for worship of Allah; also, sujud.
Salaf –reference to the Sahabah (Prophet’s Companions), and the next few subsequent generations of Muslims.
Sallallahu alayhi was salam – May the Peace and Mercy of Allah be upon him; an expression applied exclusively to Prophet Muhammad. Abbreviated versions include p.b.u.h., s.a.w., s.a.w.s, and s.
Salat – prayer; also known as namaz (Urdu). The five compulsory daily prayers are known as Fajr (morning), Zuhur (midday), `Asr (afternoon), Maghrib (evening), and `Isha (night).
Salawat – any form of praising Prophet Muhammad , but most typically in beautiful verses or chanting.
Sawm – fasting.
Sayyidina – title of great respect applied to Prophet Muhammad as well as to other prophets and messengers, his family and companions, and great figures mentioned in Quran and Hadith; also Syedna, Syedina (masc.); Sayyidatuna, Syeda, Sayyida (fem.). When addressing one who is present with effective language connoting respect, the term Sayyid (masc.) and Sayyida (fem.) are also used.
Shaytan – Satan.
Shi`a – supporters of Ahlul Bayt; followers of the Ja`fari madhhab.
Shirk – associating partners with Allah; said to be the only sin Allah will not forgive; mushrik, one who associates partners with Allah.
Slavery – Islam introduced strict guidelines regarding the just and kind treatment of slaves, respecting their right of religious freedom, made their owners entirely responsible for their welfare, and elaborated on the merits of setting them free as a charitable, pious act, and their freedom was irreversible.
Subhanahu wa ta`ala – Glorified and Exalted, in exclusive reference to Allah.
Sunnah – example of the Prophet, illuminated by his words and deeds.
Sura, surat – a chapter of Quran; Surat al-Fatiha, meaning “Chapter the Fatiha”. Tabi`een – the third generation of the early Muslims, who lived after the passing of Prophet Muhammad.
Talbiya – the supplication uttered by pilgrims to Mecca, specifically: Labbayk Allahumma, labbayk… (Here I am Lord, at Your service).
Taqlid – to follow qualified, scholarly opinions.
Tasawwuf – the Islamic science that promotes human spirituality and helps one reach the state known as “ihsan”.
Tasbih, tasabih, masbaha – rosary; prayer beads used to enumerate both prescribed and superogatory supplications.
Tazkiyyah, an-nafs – purification; the state of purifying and disciplining of the
lower self, ego.
Umar ibn al-Khattab – close companion of the Prophet; father of Hafsa, the Prophet’s wife; second Caliph who advanced Islam beyond the Arabian Peninsula and defeated both the Roman and Persian Empires – two oppressive superpowers; liberated Jerusalem from Roman control; it is said Satan feared him.
`Ulama – plural of `alim; scholars.
Umm – mother; ummi, my mother; ummul, mother of.
Ummat al-Mumineen – Mothers of the Faithful, a title reserved exclusively for the wives of the Prophet.
Umrah – the lesser hajj; includes all the rituals of hajj with the exception of the visit to `Arafat; pilgrimage performed at times other than days allocated for hajj; two umrahs are considered equal to one hajj.
Ummah – literally, “nation”; understood to mean the global body of Muslims.
Usool – principles; sciences; usool al-fiqh, principles of jurisprudence.
Uthman – Companion of the Prophet and his third successor; original compiler of the Quran in book form; distinguished as “Thu-noorayn”, one with to sources of light, for marrying two of the Prophet’s daughters.
Wahi – divine revelation intended for chosen prophets and messengers, which was completed with the revelation to Prophet Muhammad and will not occur again.
Wudu – prescribed ablution; a requisite of prayer, and for reading the Quran. Zakat – a pillar of the Islamic faith that binds adult Muslims to pay 2.5 percent of their annual wealth into a welfare fund that assists the needy.
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The Honor of Women in Islam
Scholars in Islam Series
By Professor Yusuf da Costa ISBN 1-930409-06-0
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Relying explicitly on Islamic source texts, this concise, scholarly work elucidates the true respect and love for women inherent in the Islamic faith. It examines the pre-Islamic state of women, highlights the unprecedented rights they received under Islamic Law, and addresses the prominent beliefs and prevailing cultures throughout the Muslim world regarding the roles of women. In addition, brief case studies of historical figures such as Mary, mother of Jesus and Hagar, slave maiden of Sarah are presented within the Islamic tradition. The Honor of Women in Islam is an excellent resource for academics, policymakers, theologians, laypersons, and service providers. Paperback. 90 pp.
In the Mystic Footsteps of Saints
Sufi Wisdom Series
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Narrated in a charming, old-world storytelling style, this highly spiritual series offers several volumes of practical guidance on how to establish serenity and peace in daily life, how to heal from emotional and spiritual scars, and how to discover the role we are each destined to play in the universal scheme. Written by Shaykh Nazim Adil al-Haqqani, a descendant of best-selling poet and Sufi mystic Jalaluddin Rumi and World Leader of the Naqshbandi-Haqqani Sufi Order. Paperback. Average length 175 pp.
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{1} A loan here means the alms expended for Allah’s sake on the destitute and impoverished and needy, and all the goods given away in the way of Allah - fi sabil-illah.
{2} Illiyun: the uppermost Heaven, a word derived from the Arabic, meaning high, raised.
{3} Friday is called jum’a, which is derived from a word denoting gathering, uniting in communal activity.
{4} Muadhdhin, more commonly rendered as muezzin, the caller of the Adhan, who calls to prayer five times a day.
{5} Khatib, the preacher of a khutba, sermon.
{6} Imam is he who leads the congregation in prayer.
{7} The excellence of this is expressed in the following Hadith: “If someone is in love and he hides his passion and keeps it to himself, and he dies in this condition, he will have died a martyr.”
Table of Contents
Title page
Table of Contents Preface Foreword
About the Author Acknowledgements Notes
Creation of the Light of Muhammad The Twelve Veils
Creation of the Beloved From the Light of Muhammad
Who Gazed at the Soul of Muhammad
Descriptions of the Prophets of God (from Anwar-al-‘Ashiqin by Ahmet Bijan)
Adam Noah David Solomon Zachariah Moses Jesus Adam Seth
Idris Noah Hud Salih Abraham Ishmail Isaac Jacob Joseph Job Shu’ayb Moses
Aaron Ilyas David Solomon Ezra Jonah Zacharia John Jesus
Muhammad
Created Through the Light of Muhammad Descent of Nur-i-Muhammad
Narration of Ka’b al-Akhbar
The Year of the Elephant (adapted from Abu Ishaq) Diverting the Pilgrimage to Yemen
The Wisdom of Abdul-Muttalib Divine Support Saves Mecca
The Blessed Birth
More Events Surrounding the Noble Birth of the Prophet Halima as-Sa’adia, the Prophet’s Nurse
Early Historical Events that Shaped the Islamic Community
Muhammad’s Marriage to Khadija al-Kubra (from Kara Da’ud) Revelation of Prophethood
How `Umar bin Khattab Came to Islam Some Miracles of the Holy Prophet The Prophet and the Deer
The Splitting Apart of the Moon Migration to Abyssinia
Hamza Enters the Fold of Islam
The Quraysh Send Envoys to the King of Abyssinia The Deaths of Abu Talib and Khadija
The Holy Prophet’s Visit to Ta’if
The Holy Ascension of Prophet Muhammad (from the Dalail-al-Khayrat Sharhi of Kara Da’ud, d. 1541)
Buraq is Dispatched to His Noble Mount Prophet Narrates His Mi’raj
Bayt-al-Maqdis Meeting the Prophets
The Prophet’s Visit to Heavens
Meeting Isma`il The Second Heaven
`Isa and Yahya (a)
The Angel of Provision The Third Heaven Tasbih of Yusuf Tasbih of the Tyrants
The Guardian Angel of Hell Beholding the Inhabitants of Jahannam Allah Grants the Prophet Intercession Other Guardians of Hell
The Fourth Heaven
The Tasbih of these three groups of angels was this: This was the Tasbih of Idris:
The Tasbih of the Prophet Nuh was this: Mansions of Maryam, Buhayyid and Asiya The Fifth Heaven
Prophets Isma’il, Ishaq, Ya’qub, Lut and Harun The Sixth Heaven
The Seventh Heaven
The Bayt-al-Ma’mur (The Heavenly House) The Sidratul Muntaha
The Four Streams of Paradise Ramadan, the Blessed
The Angel Jibra’il’s Appearance Adhan
Rafraf Kursi ‘Arsh
The Vision of the Divine Beauty The Tahiyyat Prayer
Allah Complains About the Ummah
Paradise
About the Paradise Gardens The Tuba Tree
The Waters of Kawthar The Duration of the Mi’raj
The Prophet’s Return From Mi’raj
The Early Muslims in Madinah
The Second Tryst at ‘Aqaba The Hijra
The Snake Bites Abu Bakr The First Hijri Mosque at Quba The Song of Welcome
A King of Yemen is Granted Shahada Events of the First Year of the Hijra
The Beginning of the Islamic Calendar The Command to Fight the Idolators The Expedition of ‘Ubayda bin al-Harith The Raid of Kharrar
The Raid of Abwa The Raid on Buwat
The Raid on al-‘Ushayra
The Raid on Safawan, the First Expedition to Badr
The Expedition of Abdullah bin Jahsh (The Raid on Nakhla) The Changing of the Qibla
The Fasting of Ramadan The Great Battle of Badr ‘Abbas Enters Islam
The Story of Wahab bin ‘Umayr
The Raid on the Bani Sulaym in al-Kudr The Raid of Sawiq
The Raid of Dhu Amarr The Raid of Bahran The Bani Qaynuqa
The Raid on al-Qarada
The Marriage of Fatima to Ali Other Marriages
The Battle of Uhud
The Martyrdom of Hamza Umm Ummara Joins the Battle The Prophet is Wounded Allah Offers Martyrdom Umm Ayman is Injured
The Death of Ubayy bin Khalaf The Funeral Prayer in Islam More Examples of Pious Women The Military Defeat at Uhud
Events that Shaped the Growing Muslim Community Events of Bir Ma’una
The Day of Raji’
The Expulsion of the Bani Nadir Why the Bani Nadir Were Expelled The Story of Zaynab bint Jahsh The Battle of the Trench
The Treachery of the Bani Qurayza
The Reconciliation at al-Hudaybiyah: How the Swords were Returned to their Sheaths and Minds were Conquered Instead
The Pledge of Allegiance, Baiyat-i-Ridwan Messages to Various Rulers
The Byzantine Emperor Heraclius The Khosroes of Iran, King Parviz The Negus of Abyssinia
The Muqawqis of Egypt The Chief of Yamama
The Chief of the Syrian Arabs
Challenges and Achievements of the New Muslim Nation Preparing for the Conquest of Khaybar Diplomatic Solutions Failed
Approaching the Battle
Ali Leads the Fight by High Example The Lion Kills His Prey
The Results of War
The Story of Safiya bint Huyay bin Akhtab
How the Holy Prophet Dealt With His Enemies The Prophet’s ‘Umra
The Battle of Mu’ta
The Story of ‘Amr ibn al-‘As The Battle of Murays Slander of Aisha
The Conquest of Mecca
The Prophet Forgave the Crimes of Jahiliyya The Incident of the Bani Jadhima
The Battle of Hunayn The Division of the Spoils
The Ninth Year of the Hijra
Repudiation and Choice
Developing Diplomatic Ties and Accommodating Leaders of the Previous Era
Various Envoys Visit the Prophet Qasida-i-Burda: The Ode of the Mantle The Battle of Tabuk
Masjid al-Dirar
The Pilgrimage of Islam Events of the Tenth Year of the Hijra
Many Thousands Enter Islam The Farewell Pilgrimage False Prophets Appear
An Unprecedented Legacy
The Holy Prophet’s Passing and Other Details of His life The Deep Love of the Sahaba
Advice of the Prophet
The Friend on High, the Exalted Companion of Paradise Choosing a Successor
The Battles of the Holy Prophet The Prophet’s Scribes
The Prophet’s Military Weaponry The Holy Prophet’s Blessed Description
Glossary of Terms
Islamic Supreme Council of America
The Honor of Women in Islam Scholars in Islam Series By Professor Yusuf da Costa ISBN 1-930409-06-0 Suggested Retail Price: $10.99 In the Mystic Footsteps of Saints Sufi Wisdom Series By Shaykh Muhammad Nazim Adil al-Haqqani Volume 1 - ISBN 1-930409-05-2 Volume 2 - ISBN 1-930409-09-5 Suggested Retail Price: $10.99
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